However, despite measures and efforts to reduce packaging, the amount of packaging waste in the EU is increasing, particularly due to the increase in online shopping and home deliveries in recent years, as well as consumption on the move.
In 2021, EU countries generated 84 million metric tons of packaging waste, 24% more than in 2010. If no action is taken, packaging waste could increase by a further 19% by 2030. In recent years, packaging has grown faster than the EU economy and population.
Paper and cardboard are the most common packaging waste materials, contributing 34 million metric tons to the total packaging waste generated in 2021.
- paper and cardboard: 40%
- plastics: 19%
- glass: 19%
- wood: 17%
- metal: 4.9%
The environmental impact of packaging
European Council
Innovative packaging materials:
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Bioplastics
Packaging materials derived from renewable sources like cornstarch, sugarcane, or algae are gaining popularity. These bioplastics offer comparable functionality to traditional plastics while being compostable or biodegradable.
- Compostable materials
Packaging made from compostable materials, such as bagasse (sugarcane fiber), bamboo, molded pulp, or mushroom mycelium provide an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional packaging. These materials break down naturally and can be composted alongside organic waste.
- Edible packaging
Edible packaging, often made from materials like seaweed or starch, eliminates waste and provides an edible barrier for certain food items. It offers a sustainable solution for single-use packaging and enhances the consumer experience.
